Turn 1/4 toward the center of the Line, step forward to a Single 3/4 Tag formation (Centers Pass Thru; all Pass Thru; Centers Step to a Wave).

Ends in a Right-Handed Single 3/4 Tag formation.

Outer 4 Circulate as Center 4 Trade.

From a Thar, facing circle, or other applicable formation.

1. All Arm Turn 1/2 (to end in a Thar);
2. Centers Star 3/4 as Outsides move up 1/4 around the outside.

Ends in a Thar.

Chase Right:

Belles Right-face U-Turn Back; all Box Circulate twice. Ends in a R-H Mini-Wave Box.

Chase Left:

Beaus Left-face U-Turn Back; all Box Circulate twice. Ends in a L-H Mini-Wave Box.

1. Circulate;
2. 1/2 Circulate;
3. Center 6 Trade;
4. Very Centers Veer Out as Very Outsides do your part Fan The Top.

Columns end in Parallel Two-Faced Lines.

From a Two-Faced Line or other applicable formation.

Ends Cross Fold as Centers Trade & Step Forward.

A Two-Faced Line ends in a Mini-Wave Box.

Centers do your part Diamond Circulate as Points slide together & Trade (Cross Run) to end in the furthest Center position.

A normal Diamond ends in a Two-Faced Line; a Facing Diamond ends in a Wave.

A Diamond consists of two Centers (those with handholds), and two Ends (also known as Points).

Diamond Formation:     Diamond Footprints   Typical facing directions

R-H Diamond   L-H Diamond   Facing Diamond

Diamond Circulate [Plus] (Dewey Berry 1972): From a Diamond. Walk forward to the next position in the Diamond while turning 90° toward the center of the Diamond. Centers become Points and vice-versa. Dancers facing along the Circulate path pass Right-Shoulders with each other.

From a R-H Diamond:     before Diamond Circulate   after	From a L-H Diamond:     before Diamond Circulate   after
From Facing Diamonds:       before Diamond Circulate   part-way   after From Facing Diamonds, always pass right-shoulders.

From applicable formations.

1. Those who can Right Pull By;
2. all Left Pull By;
3. All Right Pull By.

Ends in a Facing Circle (e.g., from a Squared Set after "Face Your Corner").

• At Plus, the starting formation is restricted to a Wave (or occasionally an Inverted Line).
• At A1, the starting formation can be any Line of 4.

Explode [Plus]. From a Wave. As one movement, Step Thru & 1/4 In (face the dancer beside you). Ends in Facing Couples.

Explode [A1]. From a Generalized Line. As one movement, Centers Step Ahead & 1/4 In as Ends 1/4 In & Step Ahead, and all adjust as necessary to end in Facing Couples.

Explode and anything [Plus,A1]. From a Wave. Explode; then do the anything call.

From a Wave (or Inverted Line).

1. Step Thru & 1/4 In (turn 1/4 in place toward the center of the 4-dancer formation);
2. Right Pull By.

Ends in Back-to-Back Couples.

Extend means move up to the next fractional tag position.

From Facing Couples, first Step To A Wave. Centers Arm Turn 3/4 as Ends move up 1/4 around the center of the 4-dancer formation.

A Wave or Facing Couples ends in a Wave.

Centers do your part Diamond Circulate as Points Flip In (180°) towards the the nearest Center position.

A normal Diamond ends in a Wave; a Facing Diamond ends in a Two-Faced Line.

Leaders as one movement 1/2 Box Circulate & U-Turn Back while Trailers Extend & Arm Turn 3/4.

A Mini-Wave Box ends in an opposite-handed Wave.

1. Those who can Right Arm Turn 1/2;
2. those who can Left Arm Turn 1/2.

Ends in a Wave of more than 4 dancers.

From a Wave or applicable Line of 4.

1. Hinge;
2. Leaders Fold behind Trailers (who do not adjust);
3. Any Shoulder Double Pass Thru;
4. Peel Off in direction of Shoulder Pass.

Ends in Facing Couples. This is a 4-part call.

Centers

1.  Pass Thru;

2.  Face Out (turn 1/4 in place away from the center of the set);

3.  Partner Trade;

4.  Pass Thru.

Ends

Walk forward (using Circulates) to Pass 3 dancers (right-shoulders) and immediately after passing the third dancer

Face In (turn 1/4 in place towards the center of the set).

Facing Lines end in an Eight Chain Thru.

As one movement, Leaders flip 180° away from the center of the 4-dancer formation and step forward if necessary as the Trailers step forward if necessary and U-Turn Back by turning away from the center of the 4-dancer formation.

A Non-T-Bone starting formation always ends in a Line.

1. Leaders Peel Off as Trailers step ahead (to join inside hands with each other);
2. Fan The Top.

A Mini-Wave Box or "Z" ends in a Wave.

From a 1/4 Tag.

As one movement, Extend twice & new Outsides Trade (or Left-shoulder Trade if the starting formation was a L-H 1/4 Tag).

Ends in a 1/4 Tag.

From Parallel Waves or Eight Chain Thru (in which case dancers first step to Parallel Waves).

1. Arm Turn 1/2;
2. Center 4 Arm Turn 3/4 as Others 1/2 Circulate;
3. Wave Of 6 Arm Turn 1/2;
4. Center Wave Of 4 Arm Turn 1/2 as Others (do a Big) Diamond Circulate;
5. Wave Of 6 Arm Turn 1/2;
6. Center Wave Of 4 Arm Turn 3/4 as Others move up.

Ends in Parallel Waves.

From any formation.

If you had turning motion on your last part of the previous call, then turn an extra 1/4 (90°) in place toward that direction. If you had turning motion on your last part of the previous call, then turn an extra 1/4 (90°) in place toward that direction.

From Facing Dancers.

Join hands (in a group of 2), Circle Left 1/2 way, drop hands and Step to a Right-Hand Mini-Wave.

Ends in a Right-Hand Mini-Wave.

1. Arm Turn 1/2;
2. Center 4 Cast Off 3/4 as Outsides U-Turn Back;
3. Very Centers Trade as the Outsides slide inward to form two Stars;
4. Turn each Star 3/4;
5. New Very Centers walk forward around the other Star (like a figure "S") as the Others in their Star follow them in Single File;
6. After the Leaders (#1 dancers in the Stars) have gone 3/4 around the other Star, the #1 and #3 dancers in the Star do a U-Turn Back (turning toward the Center of the Star) and form a Wave with the dancers behind them.

Ends in Parallel Waves.

From Parallel Waves or an Eight Chain Thru formation.

1. Arm Turn 1/2;
2. Centers Arm Turn 3/4 as Ends U-Turn Back;
3. Very Centers Trade as Outsides slide inward to form two Stars;
4. Star 3/4;
5. Very Centers Trade;
6. Center Wave Cast Off 3/4 as Others U-Turn Back by flipping away from the center of the set.

Ends in Parallel Waves.

There are four different versions of Spread (only the first two are used at Plus):

1. From Columns: Centers spread apart as ends move in.
2. From a Line: Ends and adjacent Centers exchange places by sidestepping into each other's position.
   • If adjacent dancers are in a Mini-Wave, slide nose-to-nose;
   • If adjacent dancers are a Couple, do a Half Sashay (Belle slides in front of Beau).
3. Designated dancers Spread (e.g., from Columns: Ends Spread, check a Butterfly)
4. The call Wheel & Spread. From a One-Faced Line. Wheel & Deal; Leaders sidestep apart from one another (and backup slightly) as Trailers move in between.

From a normal Squared Set (or everyone turning opposite sex by the Left).

Head Ladies Center for a Teacup Chain proceeds as follows:

• Head Ladies:
  1. to center, R-H Star 3/4
  2. L-H turn corner
  3. R-H turn new corner (original opposite man)
  4. to center, L-H Star 1 & 1/4
  5. R-H turn new corner (next man)
  6. L-H to original partner for a Courtesy Turn
• Side Ladies:
  1. R-H turn corner
  2. to center, L-H Star 1 & 1/4
  3. R-H turn new corner (original opposite man)
  4. L-H turn new corner (next man)
  5. to center, R-H Star 3/4
  6. L-H to original partner for a Courtesy Turn
• Ladies -- Important points:
  • Start with the R-H, and use alternating hands.
  • Head Ladies start to the Center, Side Ladies start with the corner.
  • Visit each man exactly once, progressing counter-clockwise through the men, starting with the corner, then opposite, then corner's opposite, and finally original partner.
  • Concentrate on progressing to the next man, rather than worrying about alternating hands (or how far to turn the star), as handholds (and star turns) become automatic.
• Men -- Important points:
  • Head Men always send the Ladies to the Center.
  • Side Men always send the Ladies to the Right.
  • Take whatever hand the ladies give you, and send them to their next destination. At some point, men use the same hand is twice in a row.
  • Be sure to lead the Ladies. Don't be a wimp - send the ladies to their destination with a firm but gentle lead.
  • The final L-H turn (with original partner) blends into a Courtesy Turn to end in a Squared Set.

Ends in a Squared Set, everyone paired with original Partner.

Ends in Parallel Right-Hand Waves.

As one movement, Step Thru, Trade, and Step to an opposite-handed Wave.

Ends in an opposite-handed Wave.

#1 dancer Circulate as the Others Grand Extend (1/2 Circulate), Arm Turn 1/2, and Grand Extend (take a small step forward).

Ends in Mini-Wave Columns.